| Notes |
- Willem grew up in Delft at the home of his father the "Tingieter" or tinsmith. His parents were Catholic, and it's likely they worshipped at the St Josephkerk in Delft.
He was a "tuinier" (gardener, forester, woodcutter?)
He moved to Amsterdam when he left his parents home, and lived on Verfwerstraat.
After his marriage he moved to Haarlem where his two eldest children were born.
In 1698 he was employed by the VOC (Dutch East India Company) as "Onderbaastuinier" at the Cape at a salary of f12 per month. (The "Baastuinier", Jan Hertog van Aken, earned f24 per month).
He and his family travelled to the Cape in a fleet of seven ships, under the command of the newly appointed Governor of the Cape, Willem Adrian van der Stel. van der Stel travelled on the ship «i»Stad Keulen«/i». Willem, his wife and two children were aboard «i»De Drie Croonen«/i». The fleet arrived at the Cape on January 23, 1699. He is known to have worked on the company farm «i»Rustenburg«/i» near Rondebosch.
On January 26, 1702, Willem van Zijl acquired two male slaves, 19 year Cupido van Madagascar, and 18 year Oranje van Madagascar from Barend van Santvoort for 70 Rixdollars each.
After the death of Willem, there are several transactions showing the sale by his widow of several slaves. On September 23, 1728, she sold a 10 year old female slave, Mariane van de Caab, to Hendrik Nusser, and an 8 year old male slave, Titus van de Caab to her son Pieter van Zijl of Drakenstein.
On March 20, 1730, she sold two female and two male slaves to Willem van As, namely Lena van de Caab for 130 Rixdollars, Susanna van der Caab for an unknown sum, Titus van Banda for 140 Rixdollars, and Oranje van Madagascar for 140 Rixdollars. Was this was the same Oranje whom Willem acquired in 1702? If so he would now be 50 years old.
On September 9, 1730, she sold Eva van Goa for 112 Rixdollars to Hendrik Frappe.
The transactions reveal something of the family history, in that the 1702 transaction lists Willem van Zijl as living in the Liesbeeck Valley, presumably the company farm «i»Rustenburg«/i» near Rondebosch, where he is known to have worked. By 1728, the Widow van Zijl is described as living in Drakenstein, which probably refers to the farm «i»Rust-enVrede«/i» near Simondium, which Willem purchased in 1702. The transactions of 1730 state her domicile as Table Valley, the VOC name for modern day Cape Town.
Willem purchased half of the farm «i»Rust en Vrede«/i» at SImondium in 1702, from Christian Eelers. Eelers had recently purchased the farm from his father-in-law Jacques de Savoye. de Savoye was the first owner of the farm, which was granted to him on April 15, 1694.One year later, Willem purchased the other half of the farm. The value of the property was approximately 2500 guilders. After his death, his widow sold the farm to David de Villiers for 10200 Guilders.
In 1706, Willem participated in the revolt against Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, the ringleaders of which were Adam Tas and Henning Huysing. On January 5, 1706, a letter was sent to the Governor, signed by some 70 burghers including Willem. The governor responded with his own declaration of good conduct, and persuaded several burghers to sign this, including Willem. On 24 January 1706, it is recorded in the diary of Adam Tas that he and Jacobus van der Heijden visited Willem at his farm and persuaded him to support the revolt again. In the middle of 1706, Willem was called before the court with 8 other burghers. When they did not appear, they were fined 200 Rixdollars each, and sentenced to be banished to Mauritius for 5 years. It appears he was never caught - he and other fugitives fled to the area of Vier-en-Twintig Riviere, where they remained in hiding until August 1707. (Vier-en-Twintig Riviere is in the Swartland, in the vicinity of the present day town of Porterville).
As mentioned, Willem is mentioned in the diary of Adam Tas, on 22 and 24 January 1706:
«i»"Monday the 22«sup»nd«/sup». Fine morning. This forenoon came here Messrs. van der Heijden, van der Bijl [«b»Pieter van der Bijl, stood as witness at the baptism of Hester van Zijl, in 1709«/b»], Pretorius, Jan Elberts, also the sick comforter [«b»kranketrooster«/b»] van der Maas, my fellow traveller, and Roggeveen. Also came Mr. Kina, Hercules du Pree [«b»Hercules du Pres, my 9th Great grandfather farmed "De Soete Inval", Paarl«/b»] , Appel and Arij van Wijk, who told us that van Staden and van Zeijl had deserted the cause, but that he was of the opinion that most of the people in the Wagonmaker's Valley would not sign. We discussed extensively the sickening actions of the Governor and his ill-mannered ambassador, the landdrost. Some of the friends went to Mr. van der Bijl's, the rest remained to eat dinner with me. After dinner Hans de Smit, and skipper Salm, came here. We confronted Hans with the question whether it was not fair that he gave us a statement that he had s
Tuesday the 23rd. Cloudy morning and it also started to rain. This forenoon Messrs. Vlok, father and son, arrived here. Mr. Vlok senior stated that there was great commotion at the Cape, and for this reason he has for once ridden inland. Young Vlok reported that the Governor had summoned the Landdrost to appear before him because he had used too many threats towards the farmers in the interior and had been too severe. In the forenoon Mr. van der Heijden also came here to talk. This day I received a letter from brother Van Brakel, who wished to know how the movement to absolve the Governor had fared among the farmers of Drakenstein, to which I returned answer in a short letter I dispatched to him.
Wednesday the 24«sup»th«/sup». Warm morning. This morning Mr. van der Heijden arrived here, with whom and brother Louw, I walked to the home of Mr. van der Bijl. From there I spied a horseman come riding within our farmyard, whereupon I walked home. When I reached the farm, I found the horseman was Mr. Guillaum du Toit, who read to me a letter from his brother Francois du Toit [«b»my 8«sup»th«/sup» great grandfather, farmed at Dal Josaphat«/b»] informing him how the landdrost had assailed him for a second time to sign, but he had refused, whereupon the landdrost had said: You might as well sign, for Tas has already left for the Cape to sign and to sue for pardon from the Governor. A curse upon such talk from a blackguard of a ruffian [«b»Original: Vervloekte taal van den schoftagtigen roffiaan«/b»] I have in the meantime answered Mr. du Toit's letter, and attached thereto a manifest of the steadfastness of several of our brethren. This was signed by the seven of us, viz. van der
Shortly after this, he hired a second farm of about 22 Morgen from the VOC, «i»De Honing Fontein«/i», acroos the Vier-en-Twintig Rivier next to the Berg River. On May 24, 1709, Governor Louis van Assenburgh granted permission for him to graze his cattle in the Swartland.
From 1717 to 1724, he was a Heemraad (Town Councillor) of Drakenstein.
The Drakenstein church was either on his land or close by.
In the 1719 «i»Opgaafrol«/i» (Census) he is listed in the Drakenstein district - the household comprised Willem, his wife, 3 free sons, 3 free daughters, 1 knecht (servant or labourer), 8 adult male slaves, 2 adult female slaves, 1 horse, 100 cattle, 300 sheep, 25000 vines, 10 Leggers of wine, 6 muids of barley sown, 60 muids of barley reaped, 1 muid of oats sown, 5 muids of oats reaped. He owned 1 sabre and 1 carbine. His son Albertus is listed separately in the Opgaafrol, so he had left home by then. Presumably his eldestdaughter Wilhelmina had also left home, and the six children were Johannes, Gideon, Pieter, Hester, Christina and Johanna.
His farm is mentioned in the account written by Francois Valentyn of the area in 1714. Valentyn visited the Cape to make a report to the VOC. Writing of the Drakenstein district "«i»One then reaches the church of Draakestein, which is in very bad condition in all respects, inside and out, and looks more like a shed than a church, although there is no lack of money to erect a better one; but in what follows it will be very clearly seen, that the folk are very slovenly here, not only as regards this but also with respect to other necessary matters.
Not far from it lies the property of Willem van Zeyl, wonderfully good for trade, since he continually provides himself with everything that the freemen have need of.«/i»"
In July 1722 he addressed a request to the Governor Maurits de Chavonne to transfer the farm «i»De Honing Fontein«/i» into his name. He declared that he had invested heavily in improving the farm buildings ("Huise en hokke"). It appears that the farm was granted to him at no cost. The Governor in his ruling took into account his large family.
- Willem van ZYL (van Zijl, van Zeijl, van Zeyl, van Zuijl, ens) volgens Pama en de Villiers het hy van Delft in Holland gekom. Jean le Roux verwys na 'n boek van Professor van Zyl waar melding gemaak word dat Willem van Zyl van Haarlem gekom het en by die Kaap geland het in 1699. Een bron uit Familia sê dat sy ouers Willem van Zijl van Delft en Aeltje Pieters van Adegeest was, dit lyk my egter onmoontelik omdat hulle albei nog in 1699 in lewe was terwyl Willem self in 1694 verlkaar dat beide sy ouers dood was. Ek vermoed dat hy op 9 Desember 1688 in Delft gedoop is as die seun van Willem Dirckse van Zuilen en Catharijna Jansz Cortleven. Hy was verkies tot Heemraad van Drakenstein in 1717, 1719, 1723 en 1724. Sy vrou was Christina van LOVEREN. Willem van Zyl gaan op 12 November 1694 in ondertrou met Christina van Loveren in Amsterdam. Hy is dan 26 jaar oud, is van Delft en is tuinier. Christina is dan 21 jaar oud en kom uit Amsterdam. Beide se ouers is al dood. Hulle trouw op 23 November in die Oude ke
Willem het eers gedien as tuinier vir die VOC. Hy koop Jacques de Savoye se plaas Vrede-en-Lust in Simondium 24 Januarie 1702, en sy weduwee verkoop die plaas in 1728. Wilhelmina is gebore op 21 Oktober 1695 in Haarlem. Een of twee jaar later is haar broer Albertus in Velsen, net noord van Haarlem, gebore.
Kinders
Wilhelmina gebore in X Jan Durand, XX 4 Oktober 1727 Jacobus Louw.
Albertus gebore 1697 in Holland, X 6 Maart 1729 Marthe Viviers
Johannes gedoop Kaapstad 4 Julie 1700, X 19 April 1732 Catharina van Eeden
Hendrina gedoop Kaapstad 30 November 1701, nooit getroud, heelmoontlik jonk oorlede
Gideon gedoop Drakenstein 9 Desember 1703, X 20 Nov 1729 Maria Elisabeth van Eeden
Pieter gedoop Drakenstein 12 Desember 1706, X 26 September 1734 Hester van Wijk
Hester gedoop Stellenbosch 20 April 1709, X 28 November 1723 Hendrik Nusscher
Christina gedoop 14 September 1709, X Jurgen Friedrich Corbrach, XX 22 Julie 1725 Hendrik Frappe
Johanna gedoop Drakenstein 11 Desember 1718
Blykbaar was Willem oorspronklik Katoliek en sy vrou hervormd. Willem het op 5 Januarie 1706 die beswaarskrif van Adam Tas (teën van der Stel) ge-onderteken, maar nadat hy deur Willem Adriaan van der Stel onder druk was geset het hy tog die getuigskrif van goedgedrag geteken.
Verwysings:
HG van Zyl "Die aankoms van die stamvader Willem van Zyl" Familia XIV, 1977 no 4
JG le Roux en WG le Roux Ons Drakensteinse Erfgrond: Simondium
Inligting van GenForum verskaf deur Jean le Roux
Saamgestel deur:
Corney Keller corney.keller@hetnet.nl
AM van Rensburg
From familytree.co.za "Slave Transfers 1658-1768 "
The 1658 - 1768 Slave Transfers are categorised by alphabet letters and then alphabetically by surname groups. Click on a letter to view the surnames listed. Use the Table of Contents on the left to navigate to the name you wish to view.
The 1658 - 1768 Slave Transfers database contains 4,122 entries
Slaves First Name: Cupido
Presumed Place Of Origin: van Madagascar
Day Of Sale: 26
Month Of Sale: 1
Year Of Sale: 1702
Type Of Name: Classical
Continental Origin Code: Mada&Mau
Slaves Age: 19
Slaves Gender: Male
Price In Rixdollars: 70
Sellers Last Name: Santvoort
Sellers First Name: Barend
Sellers Civil Status: VOC employee
Sellers Gender: Male
Sellers Domicile: Transit-at sea
Sellers Occupation: Cellarmaster
Buyers Last Name: Van Zijl
Buyers First Name: Willem
Buyers Civil Status: VOC employee
Buyers Gender: Male
Buyers Domicile: Liesbeeck Valley
Buyers Occupation: master woodcutter
Primary Reference: Transporten en Scheepeniskennis
Sequence IDNO: 1848
Slaves First Name: Eva
Presumed Place Of Origin: Van Goa
Day Of Sale: 9
Month Of Sale: 9
Year Of Sale: 1730
Type Of Sale: Domestic
Type Of Name: Old Testament
Continental Origin Code: Indian Sub Continent
Slaves Gender: Female
Price In Rixdollars: 112
Sellers Last Name: Van Zijl [Widow]
Sellers First Name: Willem
Sellers Civil Status: VOC employee
Sellers Gender: Female
Sellers Marital Status: Widow
Sellers Domicile: Table valley
Sellers Occupation: Occupation
Buyers Last Name: Frappe
Buyers First Name: Hendrik
Buyers Civil Status: VOC employee
Buyers Gender: Male
Buyers Domicile: Table valley
Buyers Occupation: related *
Comments And References: Loveren; Van Christina
Primary Reference:Member of orphan chamber
Sequence IDNO: 3964
Slaves First Name: Lena
Presumed Place Of Origin: Van de Caab
Day Of Sale: 20
Month Of Sale: 3
Year Of Sale: 1730
Type Of Sale: Domestic
Type Of Name: Classical
Continental Origin Code: S_African
Slaves Gender: Female
Price In Rixdollars: 140
Sellers Last Name: Van Zijl [Widow]
Sellers First Name: Willem
Sellers Civil Status: burgher
Sellers Gender: Female
Sellers Marital Status: Widow
Sellers Domicile: Cape district
Sellers Occupation: Occupation
Buyers Last Name: Van As
Buyers First Name: Willem
Buyers Civil Status: burgher
Buyers Gender: Male
Buyers Domicile: Cape district
Buyers Occupation: farmer
Comments And References: Loveren; Van Christina
Primary Reference: Transporten en Scheepeniskennis
Sequence IDNO: 3927
Slaves First Name: Susanna
Presumed Place Of Origin: Van de Caab
Day Of Sale: 20
Month Of Sale: 3
Year Of Sale: 1730
Type Of Sale: Domestic
Type Of Name: Christian
Continental Origin Code: S_African
Slaves Gender: Female
Sellers Last Name: Van Zijl [Widow]
Sellers First Name: Willem
Sellers Civil Status: burgher
Sellers Gender: Female
Sellers Marital Status: Widow
Sellers Domicile: Cape district
Sellers Occupation: Occupation
Buyers Last Name: Van As
Buyers First Name: Willem
Buyers Civil Status: burgher
Buyers Gender: Male
Buyers Domicile: Cape district
Buyers Occupation: farmer
Comments And References: Loveren; Van Christina
Primary Reference: Transporten en Scheepeniskennis
Sequence IDNO: 3926
Slaves First Name: Titus
Presumed Place Of Origin: Van Banda
Day Of Sale: 20
Month Of Sale: 3
Year Of Sale: 1730
Type Of Name: Classical
Continental Origin Code: Indonesian Archipelago
Slaves Gender: Male
Price In Rixdollars: 140
Sellers Last Name: Van Zijl [Widow]
Sellers First Name: Willem
Sellers Civil Status: burgher
Sellers Gender: Female
Sellers Marital Status: Widow
Sellers Domicile: Cape district
Buyers Last Name: Van As
Buyers First Name: Willem
Buyers Civil Status: burgher
Buyers Gender: Male
Buyers Domicile: Cape district
Buyers Occupation: farmer
Comments And References: Loveren; Van Christina
Primary Reference: Transporten en Scheepeniskennis
Sequence IDNO: 3928
Slaves First Name: Mariane
Presumed Place Of Origin: Van de Caab
Day Of Sale: 23
Month Of Sale: 9
Year Of Sale: 1728
Type Of Sale: Domestic
Type Of Name: Christian
Continental Origin Code: S_African
Slaves Age: 10
Slaves Gender: Female
Sellers Last Name: Van Zijl [Widow]
Sellers First Name: Willem
Sellers Civil Status: burgher
Sellers Gender: Female
Sellers Marital Status: Widow
Sellers Domicile: Drakenstein
Sellers Occupation: Occupation
Buyers Last Name: Nusser
Buyers First Name: Hendrik
Buyers Civil Status: burgher
Buyers Gender: Male
Buyers Domicile: Cape district
Comments And References: Loveren; Van Christina
Primary Reference: Transporten en Scheepeniskennis
Sequence IDNO: 3747
«b»Oranje
«/b»Slaves First Name: Oranje Presumed Place Of Origin: van Madagascar Day Of Sale: 20 Month Of Sale: 3 Year Of Sale: 1730 Trace Possible: slave comes up for sale again Type Of Name: Facetious Continental Origin Code: Mada&Mau Slaves Gender: Male Price In Rixdollars: 140 Sellers Last Name: Van Zijl [Widow] Sellers First Name: Willem Sellers Civil Status: burgher Sellers Gender: Female Sellers Marital Status: Widow Sellers Domicile: Cape district Sellers Occupation: Master Woodcutter Buyers Last Name: Van As Buyers First Name: Willem Buyers Civil Status: burgher Buyers Gender: Male Buyers Domicile: Cape district Buyers Occupation: farmer Comments And References: Loveren; Van Christina Primary Reference: Transporten en Scheepeniskennis Sequence IDNO: 3925«b»Oranje
«/b»Slaves First Name: Oranje Presumed Place Of Origin: van Madagascar Day Of Sale: 26 Month Of Sale: 1 Year Of Sale: 1702 Trace Possible: slave comes up for sale again Type Of Name: Facetious Continental Origin Code: Mada&Mau Slaves Age: 18 Slaves Gender: Male Price In Rixdollars: 70 Sellers Last Name: Santvoort Sellers First Name: Barend Sellers Civil Status: VOC employee Sellers Gender: Male Sellers Domicile: Transit-at sea Sellers Occupation: Cellarmaster Buyers Last Name: Van Zijl Buyers First Name: Willem Buyers Civil Status: VOC employee Buyers Gender: Male Buyers Domicile: Liesbeeck Valley Buyers Occupation: master woodcutter Comments And References: Blank Primary Reference: Transporten en Scheepeniskennis Sequence IDNO: 1849
Slaves First Name: Titus Presumed Place Of Origin: Van de Caab Day Of Sale: 23 Month Of Sale: 9 Year Of Sale: 1728 Type Of Sale: Domestic Type Of Name: Classical Continental Origin Code: S_African Slaves Age: 8 Slaves Gender: Male Sellers Last Name: Van Zijl [Widow] Sellers First Name: Willem Sellers Civil Status: burgher Sellers Gender: Female Sellers Marital Status: Widow Sellers Domicile: Drakenstein Sellers Occupation: Occupation Buyers Last Name: Van Zijl Buyers First Name: Pieter Buyers Civil Status: burgher Buyers Gender: Male Buyers Domicile: Drakenstein district Comments And References: Loveren; Van Christina Primary Reference: Transporten en Scheepeniskennis Sequence IDNO: 3746
«b»VAN ZYL
«/b»Betekenis: Dorp in Suid-Holland (Nederland).
Stamvader: Willem van Zyl, geb. 1666 in Delft (Nederland). Trou 28.11.1694 in die Oude Kerk, Amsterdam (Nederland), met Christina van Loveren, ged. 7.6.1673 in die Oude Kerk, Amsterdam. Kom waarskynlik in 1697 hier aan, met sy vrou en 2 kinders. Baastuinier in diens van die V.O.C. op die plaas "Rustenburg" naby Rondebosch. In 1702 het hy die plaas "Rust-en-Vrede" naby Simondium gekoop. In 1706 het hy deelgeneem aan die stryd teen Wilhem Adriaen van der Stel en is met agt ander burgers weens opstand teen die owerheid voor die Raad van Justisie gedaag. Toe hulle nie opdaag nie, is hulle veroordeel tot 200 riksdaalders boete elk en verbanning van 5 jaar na Mauritius. Van 1717-24 was hy heemraad van Drakenstein. Oorl. 8.3.1727 (8 kinders).
Here is some additional information about the revolt of the Free Burghers against Willem Adriaan van der Stel, taken from the "Dictionary of South African Biography", entry for Willem Adriaan van der Stel:
"Van der S. gave the name Vergelegen to the farm he had received (it is near Somerset West), and enlarged it by taking over the adjacent land which he had presented to the Company's gardener, Jan Hartog, so that he now owned 613 morgen. Considering that the ordinary free burgher's farms were each about sixty morgen, their envy is quite understandable. It appears from archival sources that Van der S. and his brother, Frans, who was also his neighbour in the Hottentots Holland, were the best of friends, helping each other in many ways. Together they took possession of virtually the entire farming area, treating it as if it had been their own estate. Burghers wishing to fish in False Bay up to the Lourens River were driven away, not only by Van der S., but also by Simon and Frans van der Stel. The Van der Stels, together with another seven or eight upper officials, owned no less than 12 000 morgen of the best arable land, while Van der S. seized for his own herds all the pasture land east of the Hottento
That Van der S. was also a cultured man is obvious from the books he ordered regularly from the Netherlands. Among them were four volumes of L. van Aitzema's Historien onses tyds . , four volumes of Pieter Bor's Nederantsche oorloghen, and three volumes of the Netherlands Placaat-Boek (for which he paid no less than sixty-five guilders), as well as Frans Halma's Beschrijving van Rome, which cost him thirty guilders. For his wife and daughters he ordered laces and miscellaneous ornaments from Amsterdam and for himself a big variety of perukes. For a particularly handsome wig he was prepared to pay more than 308 guilders. A telescope, barometers, strings for his violin and a book on physics indicate his wide interests. It is evident from these purchases that Van der S., just like his father, wished to make his home at the Cape.
However, in developing his own farm, Van der S. soon went too far. His enemies declared that he had used the Company's slaves and servants at Vergelegen; that he had instructed the Company's master wood-cutter, Jan Vosloo, to fell timber in the Company's forests and transport it to Vergelegen. As early as March 1700 Van der S., who must be considered among the very earliest pioneers of the wool industry in South Africa, sent a bale of 285 pounds of wool to Amsterdam, and clearly intended establishing some kind of monopoly for himself. Indeed, a few months later, on 27.6.1700, he wrote to The Seventeen, stating that the free burghers were not interested in wool-farming. He also requested their permission to import Spanish sheep.
The Governor could cover the distance between Vergelegen and Cape Town in six hours in a coach drawn by six horses, if horses were changed half-way. As his interest in his farming grew, he went to the Castle less and less often to discharge his official duties. From burghers wanting title-deeds, grazing-rights and other favours, he expected gifts, often also ordering them to do work for him.
Resentment reached its height as officials proved increasingly successful farmers. Rumours began to go the rounds: that, for instance, the Secunde, Samuel Elsevier, had said in the house of Willem ten Damme that no more free burghers would be needed at the Cape within a few years, as the officials would supply the needs of the fleets, garrison and hospital. When the wine contract was sold to a favourite of Van der S.'s in August 1705, and the meat contract went to four butchers in December, four months later, the free burghers rebelled. Henning Hüsing, who had lost the meat contract, and his cousin, Adam Tas, secretly drew up a letter of complaint which was signed by sixty-three free burghers, including thirty-one Huguenots. The petition was delivered to The Seventeen by Abraham Bogaert, ship's surgeon with the 1706 return fleet. In March 1706 Van der S. sent to the Netherlands on the same fleet a testimonial praising his own exemplary behaviour and bearing the names of 240 signatories, among them th
Meanwhile Van der S. had taken action against his burgher enemies. On 28.2.1706 Adam Tas was arrested and brought to the Castle before sunrise. After his desk had been confiscated and searched, the Governor realized that Tas was his greatest enemy. Four other suspected ringleaders were taken prisoner and sent to the Netherlands. Others were incarcerated in the 'dark hole' in the Castle and threatened with banishment. Several refused to appear before the so-called court and appealed to The Seventeen. Men like Jacques de Savoye remained steadfast; others eventually signed what the Governor required of them. These 'confessions' were eventually sent to Amsterdam by Van der S. to strengthen his case against the free burghers.
The Seventeen did not delay its decision, and in its communication of 30.10.1706 ordered Van der S. to return to the Netherlands, while banishing Frans van der Stel from its territories for life. The minister, the Secunde and the landdrost were also ordered to leave the Cape. Van der S. did his utmost to persuade his friends in the Netherlands to get permission for him to remain at the Cape as a forgotten burgher like his father. But The Seventeen repeated their orders that his farm should be divided into four portions and the dwelling demolished, and in 1708 he returned to the Netherlands in the «i»Oostersteijn.«/i»"
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1668 - 1727 (59 years)
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